@article{1WH,
title = {Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma and Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Chronic Wounds},
author = {Peter A. Everts},
url = {https://emcyte.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/1WH.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-08-01},
urldate = {2020-08-01},
publisher = {InTechOpen},
abstract = {Emerging autologous cellular therapies, utilizing platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cell applications, have the potential to play an adjunctive role in a standardized wound care treatment plan in patients suffering from chronic and recalcitrant wounds. The use of platelet-rich plasma growth is based on the fact that platelet growth factors can support the three phases of wound healing and then ultimately contribute to full wound closure. Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies are also an attractive approach for the treatment of these difficult-to-heal wounds. This field of regenerative medicine focuses primarily on stem cells, which are specialized cells with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types. Mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from bone marrow and adipose tissue via minimally manipulative and cell-processing tech-niques, at point of care. Both platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cell applica-tions have the potential to become an effective and ideal autologous biological cell-based therapy, which can be applied to chronic wounds to effectively change the wound bed microenvironment to enable and accelerate wound closure.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Emerging autologous cellular therapies, utilizing platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cell applications, have the potential to play an adjunctive role in a standardized wound care treatment plan in patients suffering from chronic and recalcitrant wounds. The use of platelet-rich plasma growth is based on the fact that platelet growth factors can support the three phases of wound healing and then ultimately contribute to full wound closure. Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies are also an attractive approach for the treatment of these difficult-to-heal wounds. This field of regenerative medicine focuses primarily on stem cells, which are specialized cells with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types. Mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from bone marrow and adipose tissue via minimally manipulative and cell-processing tech-niques, at point of care. Both platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cell applica-tions have the potential to become an effective and ideal autologous biological cell-based therapy, which can be applied to chronic wounds to effectively change the wound bed microenvironment to enable and accelerate wound closure.
@article{2AAA,
title = {The Rationale of Autologously Prepared Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate for use in Regenerative Medicine Applications},
author = {Peter A. Everts, Glenn Flanagan II, Joshua Rothenberg and Kenneth Mautner},
url = {https://emcyte.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/2AAA.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-07-01},
urldate = {2020-07-01},
journal = {IntechOpen},
abstract = {Autologously prepared bone marrow aspirate concentrates, have the potential to play an adjunctive role in various patient pathologies that have not been able
to heal with conventional treatment modalities. The use of bone marrow aspirate (BMA) and concentrates in regenerative medicine treatment plans and clinical
applications is based on the fact that bone marrow cells, including progenitor and nucleated cells, platelets, and other cytokines, support in tissue healing
and tissue regenerative processes. The use of concentrated BMA cells focuses primarily on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with the ability to self-renew and
differentiate into multiple cell types. Concentrated bone marrow cells can be retrieved from harvested BMA and ensuing minimal manipulative cell processing
techniques, executed at point of care (POC). The application of bone marrow biological therapies may offer solutions in musculoskeletal pathologies, spinal
disorders, chronic wound care, and critical limb ischemia (CLI), to effectively change the local microenvironment to support in tissue healing and facilitate tissue
regeneration. This chapter will address the cellular content of bone marrow tissue, harvesting and preparation techniques, and discuss the biological characteristics
of individual marrow cells, their inter-connectivity, and deliberate on the effects of BMA concentration.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Autologously prepared bone marrow aspirate concentrates, have the potential to play an adjunctive role in various patient pathologies that have not been able
to heal with conventional treatment modalities. The use of bone marrow aspirate (BMA) and concentrates in regenerative medicine treatment plans and clinical
applications is based on the fact that bone marrow cells, including progenitor and nucleated cells, platelets, and other cytokines, support in tissue healing
and tissue regenerative processes. The use of concentrated BMA cells focuses primarily on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with the ability to self-renew and
differentiate into multiple cell types. Concentrated bone marrow cells can be retrieved from harvested BMA and ensuing minimal manipulative cell processing
techniques, executed at point of care (POC). The application of bone marrow biological therapies may offer solutions in musculoskeletal pathologies, spinal
disorders, chronic wound care, and critical limb ischemia (CLI), to effectively change the local microenvironment to support in tissue healing and facilitate tissue
regeneration. This chapter will address the cellular content of bone marrow tissue, harvesting and preparation techniques, and discuss the biological characteristics
of individual marrow cells, their inter-connectivity, and deliberate on the effects of BMA concentration.
@article{3AAA,
title = {The use of platelet-rich plasma in treatment of olfactory dysfunction: A pilot study},
author = {Carol H. Yan MD, David C. Mundy BS, Zara M. Patel MD},
url = {https://emcyte.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/3AAA.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-24},
urldate = {2020-01-24},
journal = {Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology},
abstract = {Background: Olfactory dysfunction is a prevalent problem with a significant impact on quality of life and increased mortality. Limited effective therapies exist. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous biologic product with anti-inflammatory and neuro protective effects. This novel pilot study evaluated the role of PRP on olfactory neuro regeneration in patients with hyposmia. Methods: Seven patients who had olfactory loss greater than 6 months in duration, no evidence of sinonasal inflammatory disease, and no improvement with olfactory training and budesonide topical rinses were enrolled in this preliminary study. Patients received a single intranasal injection of PRP into the mucosa of the olfactory cleft. The Sniffin' Sticks olfactory test consisting of threshold, discrimination, and identification measurements (TDI) was administered at the beginning of the study and at 1 and 3 months. Results: All patients reported a subjective improvement of their smell shortly after injection but then stabilized. At 3-month post-treatment, two patients with functional anosmia (TDI < 16) did not improve significantly. Five patients with hyposmia (TDI > 16 but <30) showed an improvement with 60% achieving normosmia (TDI > 30) at 3-month follow-up. On average, patients with baseline TDI > 16 improved by 5.85 points with the most significant improvement in the threshold subcomponent. There were no adverse outcomes from intranasal PRP injections. Conclusion: PRP appears safe for use in the treatment of olfactory loss, and preliminary data suggest possible efficacy, especially for those with moderate yet persistent loss. Further studies will help determine optimal frequency and duration of use. Level of evidence: 2B},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Olfactory dysfunction is a prevalent problem with a significant impact on quality of life and increased mortality. Limited effective therapies exist. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous biologic product with anti-inflammatory and neuro protective effects. This novel pilot study evaluated the role of PRP on olfactory neuro regeneration in patients with hyposmia. Methods: Seven patients who had olfactory loss greater than 6 months in duration, no evidence of sinonasal inflammatory disease, and no improvement with olfactory training and budesonide topical rinses were enrolled in this preliminary study. Patients received a single intranasal injection of PRP into the mucosa of the olfactory cleft. The Sniffin' Sticks olfactory test consisting of threshold, discrimination, and identification measurements (TDI) was administered at the beginning of the study and at 1 and 3 months. Results: All patients reported a subjective improvement of their smell shortly after injection but then stabilized. At 3-month post-treatment, two patients with functional anosmia (TDI < 16) did not improve significantly. Five patients with hyposmia (TDI > 16 but <30) showed an improvement with 60% achieving normosmia (TDI > 30) at 3-month follow-up. On average, patients with baseline TDI > 16 improved by 5.85 points with the most significant improvement in the threshold subcomponent. There were no adverse outcomes from intranasal PRP injections. Conclusion: PRP appears safe for use in the treatment of olfactory loss, and preliminary data suggest possible efficacy, especially for those with moderate yet persistent loss. Further studies will help determine optimal frequency and duration of use. Level of evidence: 2B
@article{1AAA,
title = {Review of concentration yields in commercially available platelet-rich plasma (PRP) systems: a call for PRP standardization},
author = {Priyal P Fadadu, Anthony J Mazzola, Corey W Hunter, Timothy T Davis},
url = {https://emcyte.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/1AAA.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-04-16},
urldate = {2019-04-16},
journal = {Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Journal},
abstract = {Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has become increasingly popular in pain medicine with hopes of becoming a safe, effective alternative to routine treatments. However, given its autologous nature, PRP injectate may differ depending on the specific manufacturer and protocol. Currently, there is no standardization of reporting protocol. This systematic review compiles and standardizes values on PRP preparation and final product composition of platelets, white cell count, and growth factors for ease of comparison. On review of 876 studies, 13 studies were selected according to our inclusion criteria. Data from 33 PRP systems and protocols were extracted and standardized. Overall, PRP final product concentrations as well as PRP preparation protocols varied widely between systems. However, platelet concentration was directly correlated with both volume of blood collected and device centrifugal force. In conclusion, there is a large heterogeneity between PRP separation systems that must be resolved for proper study of this promising treatment.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has become increasingly popular in pain medicine with hopes of becoming a safe, effective alternative to routine treatments. However, given its autologous nature, PRP injectate may differ depending on the specific manufacturer and protocol. Currently, there is no standardization of reporting protocol. This systematic review compiles and standardizes values on PRP preparation and final product composition of platelets, white cell count, and growth factors for ease of comparison. On review of 876 studies, 13 studies were selected according to our inclusion criteria. Data from 33 PRP systems and protocols were extracted and standardized. Overall, PRP final product concentrations as well as PRP preparation protocols varied widely between systems. However, platelet concentration was directly correlated with both volume of blood collected and device centrifugal force. In conclusion, there is a large heterogeneity between PRP separation systems that must be resolved for proper study of this promising treatment.
@article{1MSK,
title = {Assessing clinical implications and perspectives of the pathophysiological effects of erythrocytes and plasma free hemoglobin in autologous biologics for use in musculoskeletal regenerative medicine therapies. A review.},
author = {Peter A. Everts, Gerard A. Malanga, Rowan V. Pauld, Joshua B. Rothenbergg, Natalie Stephens, Kenneth R. Mautner},
url = {https://emcyte.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/1MSK.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-03-19},
abstract = {Autologous biologics, defined as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMC),are cell-based therapy treatment options in regenerative medicine practices, and have been increasingly used in orthopedics, sports medicine, and spinal disorders. These biological products are produced at point-of-care; thereby, avoiding expensive and cumbersome culturing and expansion techniques.Numerous commercial PRP and BMC systems are available but reports and knowledge of bio-cellular formulations produced by these systems are limited. This limited information hinders evaluating clinical and research outcomes and thus making conclusions about their biological effectiveness. Some of their important cellular and protein properties have not been characterized, which is critical for understanding the mechanisms of actions involved in tissue regenerative processes. The presence and role of red blood cells (RBCs) in any biologic has not been addressed extensively. Furthermore, some of the pathophysiological effects and phenomena related to RBCs have not been studied. A lack of a complete under-standing of all of the biological components and their functional consequences hampers the development of clinical standards for any biological preparation.This paper aims to review the clinical implications and pathophysiological effects of RBCs in PRP andBMC; emphasizes hemolysis, eryptosis, and the release of macrophage inhibitory factor; and explains several effects on the micro environment, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, vasoconstriction, and impaired cell metabolism.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Autologous biologics, defined as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMC),are cell-based therapy treatment options in regenerative medicine practices, and have been increasingly used in orthopedics, sports medicine, and spinal disorders. These biological products are produced at point-of-care; thereby, avoiding expensive and cumbersome culturing and expansion techniques.Numerous commercial PRP and BMC systems are available but reports and knowledge of bio-cellular formulations produced by these systems are limited. This limited information hinders evaluating clinical and research outcomes and thus making conclusions about their biological effectiveness. Some of their important cellular and protein properties have not been characterized, which is critical for understanding the mechanisms of actions involved in tissue regenerative processes. The presence and role of red blood cells (RBCs) in any biologic has not been addressed extensively. Furthermore, some of the pathophysiological effects and phenomena related to RBCs have not been studied. A lack of a complete under-standing of all of the biological components and their functional consequences hampers the development of clinical standards for any biological preparation.This paper aims to review the clinical implications and pathophysiological effects of RBCs in PRP andBMC; emphasizes hemolysis, eryptosis, and the release of macrophage inhibitory factor; and explains several effects on the micro environment, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, vasoconstriction, and impaired cell metabolism.
@article{MSK5,
title = {PRP for Degenerative Cartilage Disease A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies},
author = {Lior Laver, Niv Marom, Lad Dnyanesh, Omer Mei-Dan, João Espregueira-Mendes, and Alberto Gobbi},
url = {https://emcyte.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/5MSK.pdf},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-10-07},
journal = {Sage},
abstract = {Objective: To explore the utilization of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for degenerative cartilage processes and evaluate whether there is sufficient evidence to better define its potential effects. Design: Systematic literature reviews were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane electronic databases till May 2015, using the keywords “platelet-rich plasma OR PRP OR autologous conditioned plasma OR ACP AND cartilage OR chondrocyte OR chondrogenesis OR osteoarthritis (OA)
OR arthritis.” Results: The final result yielded 29 articles. Twenty-six studies examined PRP administration for knee OA and 3 involved PRP administration for hip OA. The results included 9 prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (8 knee and 1 hip), 4 prospective comparative studies, 14 case series, and 2 retrospective comparative studies. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was used as a control in 11 studies (7 RCTs, 2 prospective comparative studies, and 2 retrospective cohort). Overall, all RCTs reported on improved symptoms compared to baseline scores. Only 2 RCTs—one for knee and one for hip—did not report significant superiority of PRP compared to the control group (HA). Nine out of 11 HA controlled studies showed significant better results in the PRP groups. A trend toward better results for PRP injections in patients
with early knee OA and young age was observed; however, lack of uniformity was evident in terms of indications, inclusion criteria, and pathology definitions in the different studies. Conclusion: Current clinical evidence supports the benefit in PRP treatment for knee and hip OA, proven to temporarily relieve pain and improve function of the involved joint with superior results compared with several alternative treatments. Further research to establish the optimal preparation protocol and
characteristics of PRP injections for OA is needed.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Objective: To explore the utilization of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for degenerative cartilage processes and evaluate whether there is sufficient evidence to better define its potential effects. Design: Systematic literature reviews were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane electronic databases till May 2015, using the keywords “platelet-rich plasma OR PRP OR autologous conditioned plasma OR ACP AND cartilage OR chondrocyte OR chondrogenesis OR osteoarthritis (OA)
OR arthritis.” Results: The final result yielded 29 articles. Twenty-six studies examined PRP administration for knee OA and 3 involved PRP administration for hip OA. The results included 9 prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (8 knee and 1 hip), 4 prospective comparative studies, 14 case series, and 2 retrospective comparative studies. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was used as a control in 11 studies (7 RCTs, 2 prospective comparative studies, and 2 retrospective cohort). Overall, all RCTs reported on improved symptoms compared to baseline scores. Only 2 RCTs—one for knee and one for hip—did not report significant superiority of PRP compared to the control group (HA). Nine out of 11 HA controlled studies showed significant better results in the PRP groups. A trend toward better results for PRP injections in patients
with early knee OA and young age was observed; however, lack of uniformity was evident in terms of indications, inclusion criteria, and pathology definitions in the different studies. Conclusion: Current clinical evidence supports the benefit in PRP treatment for knee and hip OA, proven to temporarily relieve pain and improve function of the involved joint with superior results compared with several alternative treatments. Further research to establish the optimal preparation protocol and
characteristics of PRP injections for OA is needed.
@article{6MSK,
title = {Role of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma in sacroiliac joint pain},
author = {Annu Navani, MD, Deepak Gupta, BA, MS},
url = {https://emcyte.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/6MSK.pdf},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-09-10},
journal = {Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management},
abstract = {The goal of this case review is to evaluate safety and efficacy with the use of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in patients with sacroiliac (SI) joint (SIJ) pain. The secondary outcomes include additional medical treatments, hospitalization, and surgery. SIJ pain contributes significantly to the social and economic burden due to its long-standing and debilitating course. Current treatments include either interventional procedures with transient benefits or invasive surgical options. PRP has been used clinically in various settings for its anti-inflammatory and tissue repair properties attributed to growth factors. Ten patients with chronic SIJ pain who tried and failed conservative treatments were administered a single injection of 4mm autologous PRP into the joint under fluoroscopic guidance after careful clinical and imaging evaluation. The patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postinjection and primary and secondary outcomes were recorded. Verbal analog scale score for pain of all patients decreased more than 50% and their function increased for the period of 12 months. None of the patients presented to the hospital or clinic or received any treatments or surgery after the PRP injection. There were no adverse reactions, side effects, or complications. PRP presents as a promising option based on our preliminary observation. Larger, well-designed randomized controlled trials are warranted to understand the full breath of the efficacy, risks, and complications from
the use of PRP for SIJ pain.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The goal of this case review is to evaluate safety and efficacy with the use of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in patients with sacroiliac (SI) joint (SIJ) pain. The secondary outcomes include additional medical treatments, hospitalization, and surgery. SIJ pain contributes significantly to the social and economic burden due to its long-standing and debilitating course. Current treatments include either interventional procedures with transient benefits or invasive surgical options. PRP has been used clinically in various settings for its anti-inflammatory and tissue repair properties attributed to growth factors. Ten patients with chronic SIJ pain who tried and failed conservative treatments were administered a single injection of 4mm autologous PRP into the joint under fluoroscopic guidance after careful clinical and imaging evaluation. The patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postinjection and primary and secondary outcomes were recorded. Verbal analog scale score for pain of all patients decreased more than 50% and their function increased for the period of 12 months. None of the patients presented to the hospital or clinic or received any treatments or surgery after the PRP injection. There were no adverse reactions, side effects, or complications. PRP presents as a promising option based on our preliminary observation. Larger, well-designed randomized controlled trials are warranted to understand the full breath of the efficacy, risks, and complications from
the use of PRP for SIJ pain.
@article{4MSK,
title = {Platelet-rich plasma injections for lumbar discogenic pain- A preliminary assessment of structural and functional changes},
author = {Annu Navani, MD, Alexandra Hames},
url = {https://emcyte.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/4MSK.pdf},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-09-07},
journal = {Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management},
abstract = {The goal of this case review is to evaluate functional and structural changes with the use of intradiscal PRP in patients with lumbar discogenic pain. The secondary outcomes include improvement in pain, medication use, hospitalization, and surgery. Low back pain affects a large portion of the population causing a major social and economic effect. Current interventional treatments remain inadequate and transient targeting the symptoms without addressing the underlying cause. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used clinically in various settings for its healing properties attributed to growth factors. A total of 6 patients with chronic discogenic low back and leg pain who tried and failed conservative treatments were administered a single injection of 2-mm autologous PRP into the nucleus pulposus after careful study of the disk anatomy via discography and computed tomography scan. The patients were followed up at 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 weeks; post injection and primary and secondary outcomes were recorded. Verbal pain scale score for pain of all patients decreased more than 50% and their function increased for the period of 6 months and beyond. Post procedure magnetic resonance imaging documented positive structural changes in small percentage of patients. None of the patients presented to the hospital or received surgery after this treatment. Although our preliminary results have been promising, well-designed randomized controlled trials are warranted to understand the full breath of the efficacy, risks, and complications from the use of PRP in the disk.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The goal of this case review is to evaluate functional and structural changes with the use of intradiscal PRP in patients with lumbar discogenic pain. The secondary outcomes include improvement in pain, medication use, hospitalization, and surgery. Low back pain affects a large portion of the population causing a major social and economic effect. Current interventional treatments remain inadequate and transient targeting the symptoms without addressing the underlying cause. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used clinically in various settings for its healing properties attributed to growth factors. A total of 6 patients with chronic discogenic low back and leg pain who tried and failed conservative treatments were administered a single injection of 2-mm autologous PRP into the nucleus pulposus after careful study of the disk anatomy via discography and computed tomography scan. The patients were followed up at 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 weeks; post injection and primary and secondary outcomes were recorded. Verbal pain scale score for pain of all patients decreased more than 50% and their function increased for the period of 6 months and beyond. Post procedure magnetic resonance imaging documented positive structural changes in small percentage of patients. None of the patients presented to the hospital or received surgery after this treatment. Although our preliminary results have been promising, well-designed randomized controlled trials are warranted to understand the full breath of the efficacy, risks, and complications from the use of PRP in the disk.
